Chip breaker



F. L. LANE.

CHIP BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.7,1921.

1 2;; 9 o Patented Jan. 10, 1922;

stares enumerates rnannmn L. LANE, on BnLoIr, WISCONSIN, nssrenon T0 r. BQYATES MAGHfNIE-COM- runs, or BELOIT, WISCONSIN, A coneona'rron onwrsconsnv.

CHIP BREAKER.

To CtZZ whom it mag] concern.

Be it known that l, FRANKLIN L. LANE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chip Breakers, of which the following is a specification My invention relates to the so-calledchipbreakers of wood-working machines which act as pressure bars bearing on the lumber undergoing a planing operation and which constitute means for breaking off the chips close to the planing knives or cutters thus rendering possible the production of a a smooth finished surface.

Une prime object of the present invention is the provision of a construction of this general character which will exert a substantially equal pressure on boards of different thicknesses within the'capacity of the machine. v

In other words, one salient characteristic of this invention is the prevention of an in-- crease of such pressure when thicker boards are passing through themachine.

To this end, the mounting for the chipbreaker is supplied with a spring construction, the effective action of which on the chip-breaker decreases as the thickness of the work increases, thereby compensating for or neutralizing the increaseof pressure of the chip-breaker on the work occasioned by the drag of the former on the latter and by reason of the diiferentdisposition of the parts of the chip-breaker structure when acting on thicker boards.

In the accompanying drawing, I have illustrated very simply a convenient and desirable embodiment of the invention which will be understood both from construction and functional aspects by those skilled in the art from the followingdetailed description of its structural characteristics and its mode of functioning.

As is depicted in a somewhatsimplified or diagrammatical manner, the appliance includes the usual fiat, horizontal bed-plate 10' over which the board or other piece of lumber 11 is fed in the customary manner by upper andlower feed-rollers 12 and 13 driven by power in the ordinary and regular way the planing operation being performedby the common or familiar planing cylinder 14 equipped with suitable'knives or cutters.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pam; Application filed March 7, 1921;

Serial No. 450,313.

The chip-breaker comprises an angular or bent body'l 5 with outstanding flanges 16, of which onlyone is illustrated andit has a chilled shoe or foot 17 secured in any approved manner on its lower end, such shoe having a bottom rounded or beveled face adapted to rideon the upper surface of the work. The top end of such chip-breaker is pivotally connected at 18 to one end of one arm 19 of a lever fulcrumed in any suitable manner at 20 between parallel, outwardly-extended flanges 21 cross or transverse supporting bar 22.

At its lower portion, the chip-breaker is carried by a link23, preferably of the same length as the lever arm 19 to aflord a par allel-motion construction, such link being of, a stationary hollow,

nted Jan. 1d, 1922,

pivoted at one end at 24 to the flanges or ribs of the chip-breaker and at the other end at25to depending portions of the flanges 21 of the support 22.

Such link and lever normally occupy a somewhat inclined or sloping position, the descent of the chip-breaker and its shoe being limited or restricted by an adjustable stop or abutment screw 100 extended through the lever arm 19 and positioned to engage the top of the hollow crossbar 22 when no lumber is beneath the chip-breaker, thus facilitating the introduction of the next board; I l

In'order to supplement the action of the weight ofthe chip-breaker on the work, a suitable spring construction is provided comprising an eye-bolt 26 hinged to the short arm 27 of the top'lever at 28; that is to say, this pivotal connection is on the opposite side of the fulcrum 20 from the chip-i breaker, so, that any upward prcssure on the eye-boltresults in a downward thrust on the chip-breaker. a l

Conveniently, the lever arm 27 is formed of two, spaced parts or ears integral with the lever arm 19 and accommodating the head of the eye-bolt betweenthem, the

hinge-pin 28, being fast in the eye of the bolt and adapted to turn in hearings in the arms 27. f i

The shank of such eye-bolt fits in and is adapted to slide in atubular guide 29 positioned over the cylindrical stem 30 of a spring hinge element 3l fulcrumed between" spaced cars 32 ofthe link 23 on a pin 38,,

and bearing against the latter is a coil spring 36 normally under compression and encircling or enclosing the guide 29 and the threaded shank of the eye-bolt. The upwardpressure ofthe top end of the spring on the lever 27 -19 to the right of its fulcrum through the.cooperatingele ments 34, 26 and 98' and they downward thrust of the other end of the spring on the link to the left of its pivotal connection with the stationary support through the coacting 'members 31 and 33 act to force the chip-breaker down on to the top surface of the lumber passing through the machine, this action being supplemented by the downward pressure of the chip-breaker due to its own Weight.

It will also be understood that the frictional engagement or the drag of the top surface of the rapidly traveling piece of lumber on the lower face of the chip-breaker shoe tends in some degree to carry the shoe with it to the left as the parts are viewed int-he drawing, and, consequently,- tends to rock the supporting lever and, link counterclockwise around their. pivotal connections with the stationarysupport, 7 Obviously, the" thicker the lumber the greater the downward turning movement on the link and lever and the greater the pressure of the foot or shoe onlthe lumber.

n caused by the travel of the latter and thefrictional contact of the one with the other.

If, therefore, no means :were employed to counteract or neutralize such pressure increase ofthe shoe on the lumber, the thicker thelatter the greater the pressure'the shoe.

posite sides of their pivotal connectlonswith would impose thereon.

This is an undesirable condition andgac cordingly the spring construction is supplied to avoid it. i i V It will be perceived that as the thickness of the lumber actedupon increases, the axis of the coil spring approaches the axes of the fulcrums 'of the lever and link, and consequently the expansive pressure of the spring is less efliciently applied to these two j chip-breaker supporting elements.

It will be noted that the lever 19-127 'is not straight but has a more or less substantial bend at its fulcrum. r p

By so choosing such angle, the strength and adjustment of the spring, and its points,

of f attachment to the lever and link, the chip-breaker may be caused to exert substantially the same pressure on all thicknesses of the work within the range or capacity of the machine.

In anycase, it is desirable to so select. these factors thatithe chip-breaker pressure individually responsive chip-breakers side by side, whereby by their separate and independent yielding to the irregularities'in the surface of the lumber, they may efliciently and effectively perform their chip-breaking functions.

I claim .1. In a wood-working machine, the combination of a chip-breaker, a mounting therefor causing the Chip-breaker to press against the Work with increased eifect the thicker the work, and means'to counteract said pressure increase.

2. In a Wood-working machine, the combination of a chip-breaker, a mounting therefor causing the chip-breaker to press against the work with increased effect the thicker the work, and spring means acting to press the chipbreaker toward the work with decreasing force as the thickness of. the work increases.

3. In a wood-working machine, the combination of a chip-breaker adapted to bear on V the work, a support, a pair of supportin members each pivotally connected to said support and to said chip-breaker, a coil spring, and means connecting the opposite ends of said spring to said members on opsaid support. V V p r 4; Ina wood-working machine, the combination of'a support, an upper leverfulcrumed intermediate its ends on said support, a lower link pivotally mounted on said support, a chip-breaker pivotally mounted on one arm of said lever and on the free end of said link, a spring, means connecting'one' end of sa1d spring with the otherarm'of said lever, and means connecting the opposite end of said spring with said link be tween its pivotal connections'with the sup% port and chip-breaker.

.5. In ftWOOd-WOIklIlg machine, the combination of a support, an upper bent lever fulcrumed intermediate. its ends on said support, a lower link pivotally mounted on said support, a chip-breaker. pivotally mounted;

site end of said spring With said link between its pivotal connections with the support and chip-breaker.

6. In a Wood-Working machine, the combination of a support, an upper bent lever fulcrumed intermediate its ends on said support, a lower link pivotallj connected at one end to said support, a chip-breaker pivotally mounted on the end of one arm of said lever and on the free end of said link, an eye-bolt pivotally connected to the other arm of said lever, an adjustable stop nut on the shank of said eye-bolt, a hinge member pivotally connected to said link between its connections with said support and chipbreaker and having a stem, a guide-sleeve fitted on said stem and accommodating said shank, and a coil spring encircling said shank and guide sleeve and bearing at its opposite ends against said stop nut and 20 hinge member.

' FRANKLIN L. LANE. 

